PostScript | JPEG | PNG
PostScript | JPEG | PNG
PostScript | JPEG | PNG
Introducion and analysis | Data
This page contains area-average surface air temperature (SAT) anomalies for the region 30N-30S, 46-100E (excluding the Red Sea grid points). Anomalies are with respect to the period 1950-79. Data for 1800-2002 are from the International Comprehensive Ocean-Atmosphere Data Set (COADS) and values for 2003 - August 2004 are from the National Centers for Environmental Prediction real-time marine data (not the NCEP / NCAR reanalaysis). An earlier version of this index was calculated from sea surface temperatures, and that version will not be updated.
I am providing the entire record of this time series. I'm not sure when the time series becomes becomes unreliable as you go farther back in time. The month to month jumpiness in the time series is noise.
PostScript | JPEG | PNG
PostScript | JPEG | PNG
Data:
In the following table, the anomalies are in hundredths of a degree Celcius, with missing values left blank. The first value is in 1807.
jan feb mar apr may jun jul aug sep oct nov dec
1807 75 80 91 135 287 120 -8
1808 154 67 47
1809
1810
1811
1812
1813
1814
1815 54 34 -48 103
1816 -62 23 -48
1817 -62 30 11 16 62 85
1818
1819 364 69 213
1820 79 -33 -223
1821 34 -50 156 156 156 194
1822 254
1823 -22 -43 -62
1824 78 245 173 160
1825
1826 255 65 -30 128 6 -6
1827 13 48 -90 229 63 107
1828 97 108 212 100 35 32 105 164 -19 29
1829 42 205 152 57 188 24 65
1830 23 44 28 -76 -31 -155 -127
1831 301 168 24
1832 -11 28 -32 15 106 27 92
1833 195 82 60 51 51 -198 13 -68 -103
1834 70 -18 39 -28 30 78 21 -172 78 64
1835 91 17 77 -45 -30 99 -23 114 5 78
1836 84 -13 34 67 40 11 -24 32 125 173 62
1837 20 20 -106 43 91 18 46 -175 19 46
1838 -74 -79 27 -32 12 137 104 21 -13
1839 -93 247 353 -5 205 229 274 -64 20 51 2
1840 -23 -54 125 1 -51 -36 45 41 272 146 26 18
1841 104 64 80 -29 -52 51 106 162 -51 9 330
1842 122 129 71 23 -54 177 219 29 -44 -34 112
1843 60 65 -30 8 -207 -25 -129 -65 -34 107
1844 93 71 156 110 -3 129 50 107 76 90
1845 68 280 -2 30 166 80 -166 -33 -67 -17
1846 134 40 34 135 234 164 131 26 82 14
1847 -37 95 53 132 27 -36 18 39 152 103 224
1848 40 -310 -78 12 35 -32 -112 91 22
1849 37 23 28 22 22 -14 9 18 71 12 46 17
1850 58 48 82 66 158 15 86 123 31 100 107 78
1851 -32 62 92 25 59 49 21 75 71 136 80 50
1852 112 72 83 13 34 59 30 45 48 38 47 1
1853 82 27 91 27 60 18 55 56 71 79 35 35
1854 81 44 110 73 112 35 37 8 77 73 89 81
1855 25 31 54 43 43 29 -3 21 0 -5 28 7
1856 71 22 59 48 85 68 3 28 95 38 16 -46
1857 1 -28 -64 -9 -24 49 -40 5 -15 -46 -15 -13
1858 -44 -61 -13 15 -68 20 7 74 -29 16 16 -22
1859 -60 -51 -55 -3 27 -5 25 27 132 49 62 2
1860 -3 -30 -20 -23 85 172 47 30 48 -18 24 -33
1861 1 -18 -34 -68 -29 2 -16 -18 31 -20 17 -23
1862 -23 14 -21 -23 -1 0 4 75 12 43 40 54
1863 9 -3 40 34 53 47 13 14 11 3 23 -12
1864 -36 -14 -26 -51 19 14 -8 -65 -31 8 -11 -6
1865 26 -39 -30 43 61 10 6 -6 -59 22 7 2
1866 0 -5 22 21 -13 40 -32 62 5 -25 15 -7
1867 27 -27 10 34 25 32 36 20 70 67 -11 -49
1868 -40 22 -24 20 9 -65 -13 -36 -30 -15 -2 -60
1869 -2 8 18 16 32 8 -18 -7 43 -54 68 1
1870 -6 1 2 40 9 11 24 33 -51 1 5 -72
1871 -12 -5 -7 -1 -13 -22 14 9 2 -8 -19 12
1872 -38 -64 -52 17 -19 -17 -50 -5 -5 -11 -10 -34
1873 -1 0 -31 16 6 40 -33 -28 -21 5 21 18
1874 32 -16 70 34 24 31 7 -4 -38 9 -51 -48
1875 -49 -21 15 8 33 52 6 -53 43 15 -7 -2
1876 28 35 28 3 -10 11 -32 1 -15 -12 2 -7
1877 35 -13 41 46 -13 44 60 81 -9 36 72 68
1878 99 104 112 72 57 67 90 80 52 42 25 17
1879 -2 34 9 39 2 30 5 0 0 -7 2 62
1880 22 30 36 49 20 1 -4 6 11 1 15 28
1881 -5 22 26 56 40 13 33 86 47 30 38 23
1882 33 12 24 33 66 4 24 26 95 78 40 21
1883 49 14 14 67 57 59 43 48 76 40 40 73
1884 31 48 28 53 73 51 58 55 54 50 33 54
1885 57 44 29 56 40 48 39 42 64 34 93 103
1886 55 79 56 46 59 53 47 18 47 34 25 42
1887 37 -5 14 19 36 -3 24 -29 10 -7 21 -2
1888 42 42 3 30 47 13 28 60 38 41 64 38
1889 78 84 87 31 58 50 73 33 34 6 4 9
1890 14 27 31 58 -2 -25 -26 -16 -29 -54 -29 -3
1891 34 2 -25 -5 55 -11 -12 0 30 -14 27 16
1892 4 56 -8 -2 35 72 -25 -47 -5 -19 -62 -59
1893 -40 -54 -49 -57 -59 -87 -47 -67 -16 -47 -96 -42
1894 -34 -19 -51 -51 -27 -32 -22 -31 -44 -21 -2 -32
1895 -31 -37 -8 6 13 -31 -36 -14 -27 -61 26 -9
1896 8 -12 12 24 6 -7 -10 -12 -32 -22 3 26
1897 24 29 4 8 2 -15 21 48 28 -11 -20 -5
1898 -3 -14 -26 -21 8 -21 -10 -33 -25 -29 -40 -55
1899 -73 -70 -69 -72 -35 -47 -62 -53 -57 -63 -29 -10
1900 5 27 -2 11 3 -9 -49 -30 -22 -54 -24 18
1901 31 -15 -27 -6 -15 -38 -51 -33 -64 -23 -33 -45
1902 -48 -30 -36 -35 -36 -15 -13 -6 -15 -41 -36 -30
1903 -25 -40 -45 -64 -40 -8 -20 -38 -56 -65 -72 -86
1904 -85 -81 -84 -96 -79 -83 -88 -71 -86 -82 -59 -84
1905 -75 -69 -47 -112 -77 -38 -31 -34 -36 -37 -35 -8
1906 -21 -5 -36 -54 -18 -17 -30 -68 -62 -74 -73 -47
1907 -50 -36 -69 -64 -70 -57 -68 -84 -76 -52 -58 -65
1908 -48 -103 -97 -85 -78 -57 -63 -53 -59 -47 -46 -65
1909 -57 -75 -79 -51 -61 -71 -61 -75 -49 -68 -49 -42
1910 -47 -66 -68 -83 -68 -72 -79 -64 -85 -76 -79 -89
1911 -52 -59 -61 -108 -56 -75 -74 -59 -66 -73 -52 -52
1912 -24 -29 -55 -16 -33 -17 -25 -42 -43 -52 -55 -61
1913 -59 -20 -74 -78 -40 -41 -41 -50 -56 -51 -49 -34
1914 -31 -22 -49 -48 -26 5 4 3 -11 -21 -8 -21
1915 -7 -12 -21 -4 23 11 -18 -13 -16 -15 -46 -33
1916 -55 -63 -40 -15 -38 -27 -44 -47 -34 -65 -69 -61
1917 -61 -63 -64 -76 -58 -24 -21 -34 -7 -36 -55 -62
1918 -106 -85 -57 -74 -78 -62 -26 -46 -34 -16 -15 -21
1919 -6 9 -46 -11 -19 -17 -20 -20 -25 -20 -29 -30
1920 -15 -12 -21 -62 -30 -27 -33 -34 -35 -41 -32 -46
1921 -34 -59 -62 -48 -46 -26 -28 -47 -41 -45 -38 -26
1922 -30 -36 -50 -77 -67 -18 -56 -43 -54 -53 -45 -61
1923 -55 -60 -45 -33 -53 -42 -40 -44 -53 -35 -27 -55
1924 -43 -38 -38 -25 -26 -31 -7 -20 -45 -40 -42 -54
1925 -73 -85 -89 -56 -38 -29 -23 -33 -22 -14 -14 -25
1926 -6 6 18 -11 -19 18 21 14 -9 -9 -22 -22
1927 -43 -15 -77 -52 -46 -33 -26 -42 -46 -28 -35 -22
1928 8 -20 -34 -46 -10 2 -25 -35 -30 -53 -23 -31
1929 -21 -31 -36 -37 -32 -20 -14 -36 -33 -15 -17 1
1930 -13 -22 -33 -31 -44 -35 -16 -23 -36 -26 -16 -15
1931 -7 33 3 -14 27 -1 15 4 -26 -13 -15 -39
1932 -19 -44 -35 -45 -24 -7 -18 -17 -1 -17 -45 -24
1933 -18 -15 -21 -23 -37 -24 -33 -50 -45 -50 -51 -43
1934 -76 -65 -66 -50 -44 -23 -24 -14 -5 -36 -37 -21
1935 -36 -29 -51 -31 -20 -22 -15 -35 -3 -14 -23 -20
1936 -10 5 -14 -21 -18 -15 -7 1 -17 2 -11 6
1937 1 15 -14 -23 -11 4 -5 7 8 -4 6 -24
1938 8 -3 -15 -24 -6 -14 -16 -10 -4 -7 -39 -21
1939 -19 1 -27 -50 -25 -24 -9 -30 -17 -19 -37 -18
1940 -29 -19 -28 -1 -6 13 -24 -3 22 21 27 42
1941 37 23 33 56 28 20 43 45 13 49 53 85
1942 63 72 74 55 37 39 -15 3 -28 24 27 -12
1943 8 -38 23 11 35 3 -4 -19 21 -14 -13 -4
1944 12 11 15 -14 4 37 62 70 32 32 20 19
1945 43 12 19 -7 25 22 39 18 55 -2 -35 -42
1946 -30 -18 -26 21 8 0 15 -7 -9 -5 -13 -17
1947 13 -6 -5 -22 9 14 21 -2 -30 -34 -10 -18
1948 -9 11 5 -6 9 22 7 12 -10 4 -9 8
1949 -15 -30 -11 -6 -3 5 25 4 3 -9 -32 -17
1950 -23 -44 -21 -39 -11 -20 -29 -18 -4 -21 -32 -45
1951 -43 -43 -12 -29 -2 -10 -11 14 17 32 34 13
1952 -21 9 -4 18 29 13 -9 -6 -18 -23 -23 -9
1953 -4 11 35 -6 16 19 -12 8 -7 -7 7 22
1954 1 18 7 -8 0 -11 -24 -16 -12 -40 -14 -11
1955 13 -27 -13 -28 -47 -46 -34 -23 -21 -22 -21 -18
1956 -37 -32 5 0 -39 -46 -64 -30 -25 -32 -12 -28
1957 -1 -29 -27 -17 11 8 0 6 -2 -1 26 26
1958 52 27 24 39 33 28 21 2 11 -15 -11 10
1959 7 10 3 9 17 4 4 -8 -8 4 -19 -16
1960 5 16 3 -8 -20 -2 -19 -10 -13 -1 -14 1
1961 20 2 10 -7 -4 -2 0 10 -2 4 -20 -13
1962 -32 2 -8 3 -8 24 37 15 28 -1 18 20
1963 0 23 0 15 -4 -5 7 9 -3 13 19 13
1964 -6 9 15 13 0 -1 -37 -36 -40 -39 -50 -65
1965 -37 -21 -43 -48 -39 -32 -13 -17 6 11 14 -12
1966 17 36 -21 -30 -13 -5 15 17 15 -9 -13 -24
1967 -25 -22 -3 -17 -1 10 2 -11 -14 1 1 -20
1968 -33 -39 -44 -45 -37 -30 -18 -13 -19 -18 -25 -2
1969 22 23 51 49 27 17 27 12 8 40 35 39
1970 32 29 10 3 4 10 20 17 22 -2 22 8
1971 -3 -27 -14 28 -4 -24 0 0 4 -16 -13 -10
1972 21 -32 -19 -2 19 23 31 29 60 50 25 50
1973 28 50 48 51 23 5 30 -1 8 25 12 -26
1974 -11 -17 0 -16 -9 7 19 12 -23 -10 2 -1
1975 -13 -1 -29 -16 10 -1 -2 -11 -6 -34 -32 -29
1976 -35 -8 -6 -8 3 20 30 3 -3 15 12 24
1977 27 15 19 48 32 27 27 27 33 41 35 60
1978 50 40 16 26 9 -7 -10 11 1 15 18 15
1979 28 25 18 22 9 27 12 9 6 39 19 30
1980 19 29 17 42 53 27 14 14 17 23 26 16
1981 30 25 44 27 29 15 14 27 25 24 8 -3
1982 8 12 -5 4 25 32 35 31 36 39 18 24
1983 24 26 22 27 48 70 78 61 39 31 5 -6
1984 -19 -35 -13 14 8 -8 -11 -8 -23 -15 -23 -4
1985 24 -13 2 13 21 -9 -4 6 9 1 11 -12
1986 -20 0 -2 25 29 18 5 2 2 6 11 4
1987 11 29 46 43 67 41 74 64 67 44 54 47
1988 53 74 55 55 47 41 47 44 44 52 21 28
1989 -19 -16 -5 -9 2 -22 -3 6 11 25 37 27
1990 19 54 27 18 32 11 19 12 19 29 31 38
1991 46 37 36 54 32 19 32 8 15 4 5 3
1992 -12 -16 -62 -23 0 9 3 0 -11 -11 0 14
1993 10 18 -11 5 28 6 19 27 12 15 8 15
1994 28 0 0 35 24 16 15 -1 15 8 21 4
1995 13 30 6 18 13 31 26 36 15 10 -6 -36
1996 6 2 18 -6 20 9 15 -16 9 -18 -19 -20
1997 -22 -33 -45 -44 15 37 39 42 39 39 50 38
1998 17 60 -4 86 80 48 35 54 45 31 31 5
1999 5 12 2 5 10 5 -10 11 13 -1 35 30
2000 16 -11 -23 9 15 -18 3 10 14 26 38 18
2001 14 3 18 12 30 10 5 30 40 22 21 46
2002 -3 4 34 22 25 13 31 11 22 42 32 46
2003 31 39 17 27 24 48 28 21 17 16 27 20
2004 28 29 32 37 1 2 10 14