JISAO Wallace
Figures from National Geographic

Hodges, Glenn. 2000. The new cold war. Stalking arctic climate change by submarine. National Geographic, March, 30-41.

Both North Atlantic and North Pole views of AO high and low index conditions.

AO time series plot for 1900-2000 shows strong shift to high index in mid-1980s.
March 2000
Todd Mitchell (mitchell@atmos.washington.edu)
JISAO data